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Thread: Raspberry Pi is a Low-Power, Credit-Card Sized Computer

  1. #41
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    Quote Originally Posted by NeoGen View Post
    And the family keeps growing... can it be arranged in a sort of family tree to see each generation and its descendants?
    Though the oldest records of the Raspberry Pi family claim that the arch version was round and actually tasted like raspberry, I'll confine myself to those models that were designed by the Raspberry Pi Foundation.
    In the beginning that was but one Pi and it's model was..Model B. Not a bad beginning when you're constructed in the same country that gave us Terry Pratchett. Mind you: it was still 2012 back then.
    Model B (aka 0002) later -2013- got a brother named Model A (aka 0008), which was cheaper and simpler by virtue of having no network capability, just one USB port and having no more than 256MB of RAM.
    Introduced in June 2014 there was an illegitimate kind of offspring introduced that needed a Compute Module development board to be able to function, the so-called Compute Module(aka 000d), known for its hideous prices at the resellers, especially the combo of development board and compute module, charging hundreds of euro's for them. They can stick them where the sun doesn't shine! Actually a very painful experience, viewed by the GPIO pins...
    In 2015 the youngest family member of the first generation (though some claim it was a child of Model A) saw the light: the Raspberry Pi Zero (aka 900092), that for the sake of cheapness had lost all that was not strictly needed for basic operation, including a large part of PCB surface.

    That first generation has in common that they are all based upon the Broadcom BCM2835 SOC, featuring an ARMv6Z architecture ARM11 CPU and a VideoCore IV GPU. There are some minor variants/descendants worth mentioning of the first generation:
    Variants:
    Where there is profit there will be people or companies that will help themselves to a share of it, sometimes even without knowledge of the original manufacturer. In a klatch-as-klatchian-can the models 0003 and 0004 can be said to be minor variants of 0002, but China-made 000d -that came out in both red and blue instead of the familiar green- defies family resemblance. Revision 2.1 of the Model B (aka 00oe) was again UK-made, while 000f was again China-manufactured, but green this time.

    Descendants:
    Model B sprouted Model B+ (aka 0010) in July 2014. B+ gave us the basic form of the modern Raspberrie Pi's, including the four USB 2.0 ports. The model B+ was also manufactured in China, using a fitting red PCB and also reporting as 0010, just like the original.

    Model A sprouted Model A+ (aka 0012) -we observe a pattern here- in November 2014. A+ suffered from dwarf-growth, albeit not in such a severe form as their youngest sibling(?) Pi Zero. It even managed in a later form (aka 0016) to get more memory, 512 MB.

    Model Zero has, besides it very basic 1.2 version a 1.3 version (aka 900093, with MIPI interface), a W version (aka 9000C1, Wireless plus Bluetooth) and a sort of illegal WH version (same as previous but also with onbard GPIO headers).

    November 2014 family picture of the first generation, taken before the advent of the Raspberry Pi Zero.

    The 2nd generation was kicked off by the introduction in February 2015 of the Raspberry Pi Model 2B (aka a01041), a model that would have made Hamlet proud -if he had lived that long. The Model 2B was a jump foreward, as it used a BCM2836 SOC, featuring a Quad-core ARMv7-A architecture ARM Cortex-A7 CPU and.... a VideoCore IV GPU. RAM was increased to 1GB and the speed was increased from the original 700 to 900 MHz.
    After the introduction in 2016 of the 3rd generation Model 2B was produced in a variant 2B 1.2 (aka a22042) which used a BCM2837 SOC, featuring a Quad-core ARMv8-A architecture ARM Cortex-A53 CPU and.... a VideoCore IV GPU. This quickly introduced hybrid 2/3 version may be the reason that there are no further descendants and/or subversion of the Model 2. The (un)availabiilty of the BCM2836 SOC may play another role here.

    The 3rd generation first saw the light with the introduction in February 2016 of the Raspberry Pi Model 3B (aka a02082), a model that got much lamented for not being named Model 3.14. The Model 3B was another jump foreward, as it used a BCM2837 SOC, featuring a Quad-core ARMv8-A architecture ARM Cortex-A53 CPU and.... a VideoCore IV GPU. Speed was increased to 1200 MHz, and WiFi and Bluetooth were standard onboard features.
    Model 3B has variants produced in Japan (aka a32082) and in Brazil (aka a02082), the later made with a blue-green PCB.
    A descendant of Model 3B is the Raspberry Pi Model 3B+ (aka a020d3) that differs in a still higher clockspeed (1400 MHz), faster ethernet, two-band WiFi, later bluetooth version and a metal-covered SOC.
    The third generation also features a new Compute Module development board with a choice of two Compute Modules: Compute Module 3 (aka a020a0, with 4GB eMMC) and a Compute Module 3 lite (with provision for a SD-card)
    Last edited by Dirk Broer; 03-25-2018 at 11:10 AM.


  2. #42
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    That is an incredible fast pace of development for 6 years only, and not even covering all the alternatives and copycats from other brands out there.

  3. #43
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    The Raspberry family has grown! There's been born a triplet, listening to the name Raspberry Pi 4 Model B. The three differ only in RAM-size: 1GB, 2Gb and 4GB.

    Often imitated (look e.g. at the resemblance between the original Raspberry Pi Model B and the first Banana Pi and the Hummingboard) and improved upon, the Raspberry Pi 4B has addressed all its shortcomings in this iteration.


  4. #44
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    about time! previously was disappointing, but now, personally, it's "acceptable" to me for serious consideration for longer term use. still don't like it as an emulation device or media (more so on the video side) player, but is ok for other low power use

  5. #45
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    Quote Originally Posted by plonk420 View Post
    about time! previously was disappointing, but now, personally, it's "acceptable" to me for serious consideration for longer term use. still don't like it as an emulation device or media (more so on the video side) player, but is ok for other low power use
    With the quad core Cortex-A72 the 4GB model must be able to run ARM64 OS-es really well, which includes Android.
    Last edited by Dirk Broer; 06-26-2019 at 10:07 PM.


  6. #46
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    Wow look at this advancement = https://www.theregister.co.uk/2019/0..._pi_4_model_b/ Dirk you have me very enthused by these small computers! plonk420 nice to see you on the forum!





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  7. #47
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    Seeing these little boards getting more and more powerful with each iteration is exciting, this Pi 4 is quite the little board!

    I came across this article though - https://hackaday.com/2019/06/25/is-4...aspberry-pi-4/
    Is there a possibility of an 8GB model in the future?

  8. #48
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    Quote Originally Posted by Nflight View Post
    Wow look at this advancement = https://www.theregister.co.uk/2019/0..._pi_4_model_b/ Dirk you have me very enthused by these small computers! plonk420 nice to see you on the forum!
    i'm here quite a bit (well, members lounge, around hardware launch or acquisition time!)

    here's a RPi compute board:

    https://turingpi.com/

    would be pretty tempting maybe $20-30 cheaper and with RPi4 compute boards


  9. #49
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    I jumped on the Raspberry Pi wagon when I saw the first model that I liked, the Pi 1 Model B+, or as the official name then was: Raspberry Pi Model B+.
    Since that date -five years ago- the Raspberry Pi has made much progress
    Model/Feature Pi 1 B+ Pi 2 B 1.1 Pi 2 B 1.2 Pi 3 B Pi 3 B+ Pi 4 B
    Year July 2014 February 2015 October 2016 February 2016 March 2018 June 2019
    Instruction set ARMv6Z (32-bit) ARMv7-A (32-bit) ARMv8-A (64/32-bit) ARMv8-A (64/32-bit) ARMv8-A (64/32-bit) ARMv8-A (64/32-bit)
    SOC BCM2835 BCM2836 BCM2837 BCM2837 BCM2837B0 BCM2711
    CPU 700 MHz ARM11 900 MHz ARM Cortex-A7 900 MHz ARM Cortex-A53 1200 MHz ARM Cortex-A53 1400 MHz ARM Cortex-A53 1500 MHz ARM Cortex-A72
    FPU VFPv2 VFPv3 + NEON VFPv4 + NEON VFPv4 + NEON VFPv4 + NEON VFPv4 + NEON
    GPU VideoCore4, OpenGL ES 2.0, OpenVG 1080p30, H.264 high-profile encode/decode @250 MHz VideoCore4, OpenGL ES 2.0, OpenVG 1080p30, H.264 high-profile encode/decode @250 MHz VideoCore4, OpenGL ES 2.0, OpenVG 1080p30, H.264 high-profile encode/decode @250 MHz VideoCore4, OpenGL ES 2.0, OpenVG 1080p60, H.264 high-profile encode/decode @400 MHz VideoCore4, OpenGL ES 2.0, OpenVG 1080p60, H.264 high-profile encode/decode @400 MHz VideoCore6, OpenGL ES 3.x, OpenVG 4000p60, H.265 high-profile encode/decode @500 MHz
    GPU GFLOPS 24 24 28.8 28.8 28.8 ?
    RAM per Core 512 MB 256 MB 256 MB 256 MB 256 MB 256, 512 or 1024 MB
    Pipeline depth 8 8 8 8 8 15
    OoOE (out-of-order execution) No No No No No Yes, 5-wide dispatch
    Execution ports ? 5 2 2 2 8
    Super Scalar ? partial 2-way super scalar 2-way super scalar 2-way super scalar 3-way super scalar
    DMIPS/MHz 1.25 1.90 2.24 2.24 2.24 4.72
    I'll try to compare this with likewise clocked Athlons
    Model/Feature Athlon K7 "Argon" Athlon K75 "Orion" Athlon "Thunderbird" Athlon XP "Palomino" Athlon XP "Thoroughbred" Athlon 64 2600+ "Lima"
    Year October 1997 March 2000 June 2000 Somewhere 2001 Somewhere 2002 Somewhere 2003
    Instruction set x86 (32-bit) x86 (32-bit) x86 (32-bit) x86 (32-bit) x86 (32-bit) X86-64 (64-bit)
    Speed 700 Mhz 900 Mhz 900 Mhz 1200 MHz 1400 MHz 1600 MHz
    FPU MMX, Enhanced 3DNow! MMX, Enhanced 3DNow! MMX, Enhanced 3DNow! MMX, Enhanced 3DNow!
    SSE
    MMX, Enhanced 3DNow!
    SSE
    MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3,
    Enhanced 3DNow!, NX bit,
    AMD64, AMD-V
    This gets stuck in the integrated graphics. When we also take the production process into account (at how many nanometers the CPU die is processed),
    it makes more sense to start with the lesser known AMD G-Series G-T24L, Microarchitecture Bobcat, Platform Brazos and Processor core Ontario.
    That starts at 64-bit though, but it is single core, like the ARM11.
    Model/Feature AMD G-Series G-T24L AMD Z-Series Z-01 AMD C-Series C-50 AMD G-Series G-T44R AMD E1-1200 AMD A4-5000
    Year March 2011 June 2011 January 2011 January 2011 June 2012 May 2013
    Instruction set X86-64 (64-bit) X86-64 (64-bit) X86-64 (64-bit) X86-64 (64-bit) X86-64 (64-bit) X86-64 (64-bit)
    Speed 800 Mhz 1000 Mhz 1000 Mhz 1200 Mhz 1400 Mhz 1500 Mhz
    FPU MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSE4a, ABM, NX bit, AMD64, AMD-V MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSE4a, ABM, NX bit, AMD64, AMD-V MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSE4a, ABM, NX bit, AMD64, AMD-V MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSE4a, ABM, NX bit, AMD64, AMD-V MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSE4a, ABM, NX bit, AMD64, AMD-V MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3,
    SSE4a, SSE4.1,
    SSE4.2, ABM, AES, AVX, BMI1, F16C, NX bit, AMD64, AMD-V
    GPU Radeon HD 5000 "Evergreen" Radeon HD 6250 "Wrestler" Radeon HD 6250 "Wrestler" Radeon HD 6250 "Wrestler" Radeon HD 7310 "Ontario" Radeon HD 8330 "Kalindi"
    GPU FLOPS n/a 64 64 64 80 127.2
    Last edited by Dirk Broer; 10-30-2019 at 09:45 AM.


  10. #50
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    Recents SBC's compared:

    If I were working at Sinovoip (the makers of Banana Pi's), I'd start with the Banana Pi M5 -yesterday.
    I want the next Raspberry Pi to have eMMC and/or M.2, just like its main contenders for the title 'best consumer SBC'....
    Those 32-bit boards all come at around $80-90, so roughly twice the money of a 2GB Raspberry Pi 4. Of the 64-bit boards only the Banana Pi M4 can compete with the Raspberry Pi 4, price-wise, but loses on specs. Most interesting board is the BeagleBone AI: would it be possible to engage all CPU, FPU and GPU cores for BOINC?
    Last edited by Dirk Broer; 08-07-2020 at 11:48 AM.


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